Thursday, April 6, 2017

Notes and references

  1. Most of the following notes refer to sources listed in Bibliography for Duwamish (tribe), which also includes the sources referenced in Cheshiahud (Lake John) and History of Seattle before white settlement.

  2. (1) Gibbs ([1877], 1967)
    (1.1) D'Wamish on the Lake Fork of the D'Wamish River, 152; Sa-ma-mish (Sammamish) and S'kel-tehl-mish on the D'Wamish Lake (now Lake Washington) and environs, 101. These are the treaty-era names as they appeared. For simplicity, they are not otherwise mentioned in the article.
    (2) Cf. Boyd (1999)

  4. Roxberger in Davis (1994), pp. 172–3

  6. "Duwamish Longhouse and Cultural Center" (brochure), Duwamish Tribe, 2009

  8. The Duwamish Longhouse is open!, Duwamish Tribe, accessed online 2009-04-07.

  10. Talbert (2006-05-01)

  12. (1) Map with village 33, referencing Dailey footnotes 2, 9, and 10.
    (1.1) Dailey (2006-06-14)

  14. Dailey (2006-06-14)

  16. Speidel (1967)

  18. Living Lightly on the Lake

  20. (1) Dorpat (May 2005, Essay 3380)
    (2) Talbert (2006-05-01)

  22. Lakw'alas (Speer) (2004-07-22)

  24. Source for detail of the entire section with the heading of "Seattle before the City of Seattle" is per Dailey (2006-06-14), plus additional individual references noted.

  26. Bates, Hess, & Hilbert (1994) pp. 21, 348

  28. Greg Lange (January 23, 2003). "Smallpox epidemic ravages Native Americans on the northwest coast of North America in the 1770s". historylink. Retrieved 2011-07-18.

  30. Boyd (1999)

  32. David M. Buerge, Native Americans of the Pacific Northwest: An Introduction, American Indians of the Pacific Northwest Collection, University of Washington Libraries: Digital Collections. Accessed online 2009-04-09.

  34. Thrush, Coll-Peter. "The Lushootseed Peoples of Puget Sound Country". American Indians of the Pacific Northwest Collection. University of Washington Digital Collections. Retrieved 29 December 2016.

  36. Suttle & Lane (1990-08-20), pp. 491–4

  38. Dorpat (2005-03-23, May 2005), Essay 2499)

  40. (1) Bates, Hess, & Hilbert (1994) pp. xii–xiii, 302
    (1.1) dᶻəlíxʷ, l is "barred l", voiceless lateral alveolar fricative. [Ibid.]

  42. Anderson & Green (2001-05-27)

  44. The Suquamish - History and Culture

  46. (1) Beck (1993)
    (2) Cole & Chaikin (1990)

  48. Miller (1996)

  50. (1) Harmon in Hoxie (1996), pp. 522–3
    (2) Miller in Hoxie (1996), p. 575

  52. (1) Bates, Hess, & Hilbert (1994) p. 261
    (2) Morgan (1951, 1982), pp. 11–57; 41, 54

  54. Buerge (n.d.)

  56. "Chudups John and others in a canoe on Lake Union, Seattle, ca. 1885" (JPEG from silver gelatin print). Seattle Historical Society Collection. University of Washington Digital Collections. c. 1885. Retrieved 2006-06-06.
    Negative Number: SHS 2228, Museum of History and Industry, Seattle.

  58. (1) "Lake John". Duwamish Tribe. Archived from the original on 2006-06-16. Retrieved 2006-04-21.
    The Duwamish Tribe site attributes this photo courtesy of the Museum of History and Industry.
    (2) Talbert (2006-05-01) says on land he bought.

  60. Denny (c. 1904): "Old Tom and Madeline at their house on Portage Bay across from where the University of Washington campus is today." Old Tom was also known as Indian John or Cheshishon, so they are likely also Lake John Cheshiahud and Tleboletsa.

  62. Lange & Tate (1998-11-04)

  64. (1)Historical epidemiology shows 62% losses from the mid-1770s through the mid-1860s due to introduced diseases, continuing to the mid-1870s before abating. (1.1)Boyd (1999)

  66. Webster & Stevens (c. 1905)

  68. Long (20 January 2001, Essay 2951)

  70. Morgan ([1951], 1982), pp. 20–54

  72. (1) Stevens, Hazard (son) (1901). Life of Isaac Ingalls Stevens, Volume 1 of 2. Boston: Houghton, Mifflin, Copyright expired.
    (1.1) NB: Referenced in "Treaties and Councils: Stevens' Entourage". The Treaty Trail: U.S. - Indian Treaty Councils in the Northwest. Washington State History Museum. Retrieved 2006-07-21.

  74. (1) Lakw'alas (Speer) (2004-07-22)
    (2) Anna(2001-01-24), Essay 2955)

  76. (1) Tate (2001-07-08), Essay 3428
    (2.1) Lakw'alas (Speer) (, 2004-07-22, 2004)
    (2.2) Castro & Barber (2001-01-20)

  78. Furtwangler (1997)

  80. (1) Wilma (2001-01-24), Essay 2955
    (2) Wilma (2001-01-29), Essay 2956

  82. Harmon in Hoxie (1996), pp. 522–3

  84. "About" page, duwamishtribe.org. Accessed online 2014-03-25.

  86. Text of the Duwamish Tribal Recognition Act, H. R. 477 introduced by Congressman Jim McDermott January 29, 2003 in the first session of the 108th United States Congress. Accessed online 2014-03-25.

  88. Chris Grygiel, Duwamish tribe tries for federal recognition -- again, Seattle Post-Intelligencer, 2009-07-14. Accessed online 2014-03-25.

  90. (1) Roxberger in Davis (1994), pp. 172–3
    "Steilacoom" in Davis (1994), p. 617

  92. Priscilla Long (January 20, 2001). "Duwamish Tribe wins federal recognition on January 19, 2001, but loses it again two days later". historylink. Retrieved 2014-04-05.

  94. (1) Shukovsky (22 March 1996)
    (2) Crowley & Wilma (2003-02-23), Essay 5282
    (3) Brown ([1970], 2001). The Samish Tribe regained Federal Recognition on April 26, 1996, due to the efforts of Russel Barsh after over two decades of legal action to overturn a clerical error that affected all the unrecognized tribes. See the Samish tribe website for further details.

  96. Wilma (2001-01-24), Essay 2956

  98. Castro & Barber (2001-01-20)

  100. (1) Eskenazi (2002-05-14)
    (2) Shukovsky (2002-05-11)

  102. (0)
    (1) Green (2001-07-26)
    (2) "The Longhouse". Duwamish Tribe. Archived from the original on 2006-04-10. Retrieved 2006-04-21.

  104. (1) Barber (2000-07-21)
    (2) McRoberts & Oldham (2003-08-15)

  106. "About us". DuwamishTribe.org. Archived from the original on 2006-06-16. Retrieved 2006-04-21.

  108. (1) Long (20 January 2001, Essay 2951)
    (2) Kamb (25 October 2004)

  110. (1) Ith & Reese (2004-10-03) (2) Rasmussen, quoted in Ith (2004-10-01)

  112. (1) Nodell (2002-09-01)
    (2) Kamb (2004-03-29)
    (3) "The Longhouse". Duwamish Tribe. n.d., 2002 on page. Archived from the original on 2006-04-10. Retrieved 2006-04-21. Check date values in: |date= (help)

  114. (1) Kellogg Island & Vicinity Habitat Map, Seattle Urban Nature. Accessed online 2009-04-10. (map "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2007-09-29. Retrieved 2006-04-21.).
    (2) "Industrial District". Seattle City Clerk's Neighborhood Map Atlas. Office of the Seattle City Clerk. n.d., map .jpg dated c. 2002-06-15. Archived from the original on 2007-09-29. Retrieved 2006-04-21. Check date values in: |date= (help)
    Maps "NN-1030S", "NN-1040S".jpg 17 June 2002; maps "NN-1120S", "NN-1130S", "NN-1140S".Jpg [sic] 13 June.

  116. Blecha, Peter (2009-01-14). "Seattle's Duwamish Tribe celebrates new Longhouse and Cultural Center on January 3, 2009". HistoryLink. Retrieved 2009-04-04.

  118. Payton

  120. Bates, Hess, & Hilbert (1994) pp. 80, 307; other variants are Dxʷdəw?=absš or Dxʷdu?=ábš.

  122. (1) Dassow of Bates, Hess, & Hilbert (1994) pp. vii–iix, 80, 307
    (2) Dailey (2006-06-14)

  124. (1) Lakw'alas (Speer) (2004-07-22)
    (2) Suttle & Lane (1990-08-20), pp. 486–7
    (3) Bates, Hess, & Hilbert (1994) pp. 18, 202, 361, 338

  126. Speidel (1978)

  128. Morgan ([1951], 1982), "Maynard" pp. 11–57; Si'ahl, pp. 41, 54

  130. (1) Dkhʷ'Duw'Absh, [dxʷ-lɐʔʃútsid], [dxʷ-dɐwʔabʃ]
    The ? is a glottal stop.
    a is usually like the English "a" in "father", occasionally the "a" in "at".
    The [ɐ] (schwa) is an inverted "a" (rotated 180 degrees); very approximately the vowel in English "but", "of", the first sound of "around" (a mid central vowel). The [ɐ] (schwa) may be silent in casual conversion.
    h is like the English "h" in "happy" (IPA "voiceless glottal slide").
    kʷ is approximately the English "qu" in "quick".
    u depends on the sounds around it; it can be like the vowels in English "boot" and "boat" (IPA rounded non-low back vowel).
    b, d, s are approximately like English. š, small s with caron or "s-wedge" is like the English "sh" in "ship".
    The hyphen divides modifier prefixes from roots, for dictionary lookup convenience.
    (1.1) Bates, Hess, & Hilbert (1994) pp. xii–xiv
    (2.1) [dxʷ-lɐʔʃútsid] and [dxʷd-ɐwʔabʃ] per Ibid pp. 85, 307, 328.
    (2.2) Published words are IPA Northern Lushootseed. Dkhʷ'Duw'Absh Southern Lushootseed can be slightly different.
    (2.2.1) Ibid, pp. vii–ix, xi–xiv
    (3) Dkhʷ'Duw'Absh per Lakw'alas.

    132. Green (2001-07-
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